(Newswire.net — July 28, 2020) — Below is the list of effects in Physics. These effects are phenomenal and have helped scientists to understand nature and have become a field of study for many.
Raman scattering
Raman scattering is also known as Raman effect which is an inelastic scattering of photons by matter. Raman scattering was discovered in the year 1928 by C.V.Raman. He won the Nobel prize for the same in 1930. In this effect, scattered photons are produced with different frequencies such that they are independent of the source as the properties such as vibrational and rotational properties of the scattered particles. Raman spectroscopy is also based on the principle of the Raman effect.
Raman spectroscopy is a common application of the Raman effect. The spectroscopy finds application in microscopic and chemical analysis of the material. This analysis gives the qualitative as well as the quantitative data of the sample which could be either solid, liquid, gas, or powder or gel.
Hall effect
This effect is named after Edwin Hall. The effect states the behavior of the conducting plate when it is in the magnetic field. When a conducting plate is placed in the magnetic field, the magnetic field affects the motion of the electrons. Also, this method can be used for measuring the voltage across the conducting plate and strength of the magnetic field. The strength of the magnetic field is more when the conducting plate is thin and the temperature across is very low.
Hall effect finds applications as sensors that are used in current transformers, computers, anti-lock braking systems, current sensing, etc.
Photoelectric effect
In the year 1905, Albert Einstein explained the photoelectric effect. According to the photoelectric effect, when an incident light is made to fall on the surface of the metal plate, the electrons get excited from their orbit and are ejected from the surface of the metal. The kinetic energy of the photoelectrons is dependent on the frequency of the light which is incident on the metal surface.
For the photoelectric effect to take place, the energy from the incident light is absorbed by the electrons at the surface of the metal. Also, for explaining the photoelectric effect, light is considered to be particles and not waves. The minimum energy which is required for the removal of an electron from the surface of the metal is known as the threshold energy and the minimum frequency of the light which is incident on the metal surface is known as the threshold frequency.
Photoelectric effect applications include photocells, solar cells, and photoconductive devices. When a solar cell is exposed to the sunlight, the cell behaves like a battery producing high voltage current.
Doppler effect
Doppler effect is considered to be one of the important phenomena that are even used in planetary science. Doppler effect is also known as the Doppler shift that describes the change in the frequency of the sound wave produced by a moving source with respect to an observer. The Doppler effect is defined as an increase in the frequency of the sound as the observer moves towards or away from each other.
The Doppler effect is also observed in light. There are two shits that explain the Doppler effect in the light. These shifts are redshift and blueshift. When the light source moves away from the observer, the frequency at which the observer receives the light has less frequency transmitted by the source. The shift happens towards the red end of the visible light spectrum. This is known as the redshift. When the light source moves towards the observer, the frequency at which the observer receives the light has a high frequency transmitted by the source. This shift happens towards the visible light spectrum. This is known as the blueshift.
The Doppler effect finds applications in sirens, astronomy, and radars. Sirens are used in emergency vehicles in which the frequency of the sound produced is higher than the standard pitch and recedes as the vehicles move away from the observer.
Compton effect
Arthur Compton studied the Compton effect in the year 1922. Compton effect is defined as the effect that is observed when either the X-rays or the gamma rays are scattered on a material with an increase in wavelength. It was found that the wavelength of the electron is independent of the intensity of incident radiation. However, it is dependent on the angle of scattering and on the wavelength of the incident beam.
The Compton effect finds application in radiobiology as most of the possible interactions take place with X-rays.
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