(Newswire.net — November 28, 2022) Orlando, FL — Today, scientists are increasingly studying the threats brought about by antibiotic resistance. It is worth noting that today, it continues to claim lives.
A new UCL-led research funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council has shown that if they ‘push’ hard enough into bacterial cells, antibiotics can still kill drug-resistant bacteria.
The findings of this research were published in Scientific Reports.
It paves the way for the development of new designs in overcoming antibiotic resistance and making more effective drugs.
“Antibiotics work in different ways, but they all need to bind to bacterial cells in order to kill them,” explains lead author Dr. Joseph Ndieyira (UCL Medicine).
“Antibiotics have ‘keys’ that fit ‘locks’ on bacterial cell surfaces, allowing them to latch on. When a bacterium becomes resistant to a drug, it effectively changes the locks so the key won’t fit anymore,” he adds.
In this research, the investigators used sensitive equipment in measuring the mechanical forces exerted by four different antibiotics onto bacterial cells. They also tested bacteria that were vulnerable to antibiotics and the ones that had developed resistance.
“Incredibly, we found that certain antibiotics can still ‘force’ the lock, allowing them to bind to and kill resistant bacteria because they are able to push hard enough. In fact, some of them were so strong they tore the door off its hinges, killing the bacteria instantly!”
Researchers revealed that antibiotics all exerted the same forces on susceptible bacteria. However, there was a significant variation in the forces they exerted on resistant bacteria.
Vancomycin, which is a strong antibiotic used as a last resort treatment for MRSA and other infections, is one of the antibiotics tested. The study also tested oritavancin, which is a modified version of vancomycin used against complex skin infections.
“We found that oritavancin pressed into resistant bacteria with a force 11,000 times stronger than vancomycin,” says Dr. Ndieyira.
“Even though it has the same ‘key’ as vancomycin, oritavancin was still highly effective at killing resistant bacteria. Until now it wasn’t clear how oritavancin killed bacteria, but our study suggests that the forces it generates can actually tear holes in the bacteria and rip them apart.”
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