Research Highlights the Mechanism by Which Exercise Strengthens Bones, Immunity

(Newswire.net — November 26, 2021) Orlando, FL — Regular exercise has long been known to be vital for various aspects of health. There have even been many research studies showing that it produces disease-fighting benefits. 

A study was carried out by the scientists at the Children’s Medical Center Research Institute at UT Southwestern (CRI).

The findings of this research were published in Nature.

The researchers were able to identify the specialized environment, which is known as a niche, in the bone marrow where the new bone and immune cells are produced. 

This study demonstrates the significance of movement-induced stimulation for the maintenance of this niche and the bone and immune-forming cells that it contains. Forces produced from running or even walking are transmitted into the marrow inside bones from bone surfaces along arteriolar blood vessels.

Further, the bone-forming cells that line the outside of the arterioles detect these forces and are induced to proliferate. This promotes the formation of new bone cells, which helps to thicken bones.

What makes it all the more beneficial is that it also leads the bone-forming cells to secrete a growth factor, which enhances the frequency of cells that form lymphocytes around the arterioles. It is worth noting that lymphocytes are the B and T cells that trigger the immune system to combat infections.

It is worth noting that the bone-forming cells have the ability to sense pressure caused by movement, and this is called mechanical forces. When this ability is inactivated, it lessens the formation of new bone cells and lymphocytes.

This leads to the thinning of the bones and lessens the ability of mice to clear a bacterial infection.

According to Sean Morrison, Ph.D., as we age, the environment in our bone marrow changes, and the cells responsible for maintaining skeletal bone mass and immune function become depleted. We know very little about how this environment changes or why these cells decrease with age.

Morrison is the director of CRI and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator. 

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