(Newswire.net — November 20, 2021) Ilford, Essex —

 

 

Press Release : Press Release : Press Release : Press Release : Press Release

 

Further to the world Scientific Communities, post Covid, move to an acceptance of “Air” as a “Vector” for the transmission of disease and also the ongoing requirement to actively manage low-level pollutants; it is with great excitement that the Research and Development Team of Gaiol Limited announce the immediate release to the world market of their “Autoklav PDD” Air Sterilisation and Remediation Technology.

Autoklav PDD is built around Gaiol’s long established EDFE (Enveloping, Dynamic Fluid Energy) which takes pre-existing None-thermal/Cold Plasma technologies to the next level.

Autoklav PDD, as well as protecting from contamination, the technology actively Destroys Bacteria, Yeasts, Moulds and other pathogens such as Virus are Denatured.

Autoklav PDD is ideally suited to areas of high concern and high risk, such as Schools, Hospitals, Care Homes, Mass transit systems etc. where this unique technology can be immediately deployed, in risk areas, as stand-alone units, and can be designed into new build environmental Air Management Systems.
Autoklav PDD can also be retro-actively incorporated into “Installed HVAC Systems” to allow for more cost-efficient operation and higher levels of safety in Air-Management.

AutoklavPDD is a unique technology that can be directly applied to remediate the issues of Airborne or Aerosol transmission as discussed in the below extract from Wikipedias page on 

“Airborne transmission

Airborne or aerosol transmission is transmission of an infectious disease through small particles suspended in the air.^[2] Infectious diseases capable of airborne transmission include many of considerable importance both in human and veterinary medicine. The relevant infectious agent may be viruses, bacteria, or fungi, and they may be spread through breathing, talking, coughing, sneezing, raising of dust, spraying of liquids, flushing toilets, or any activities which generate aerosol particles or droplets. 

This is the transmission of diseases via transmission of an infectious agent, and does not include diseases caused by air pollution.

Airborne transmission traditionally has been considered distinct from transmission by droplets, although this is incorrect.^[3] Respiratory droplets were thought to rapidly fall to the ground after emission.^[4]

Individuals generate aerosols and droplets across a wide range of sizes and concentrations, and the amount produced varies widely by person and activity.^[5] Larger droplets greater than 100 μm usually settle within 2 m.^[5][4] Smaller particles can carry airborne pathogens for extended periods of time. While the concentration of airborne pathogens is greater within 2m, they can travel farther and concentrate in a room.

The traditional size cutoff of 5 μm between airborne and respiratory droplets has been discarded, as exhaled particles form a continuum of sizes whose fates depend on environmental conditions in addition to their initial sizes. This error has informed hospital based transmission based precautions for decades.^[5] Indoor respiratory secretion transfer data suggest that droplets/aerosols in the 20 μm size range initially travel with the air flow from cough jets and air conditioning like aerosols,^[6] but fall out gravitationally at a greater distance as “jet riders”.^[7] As this size range is most efficiently filtered out in the nasal mucosa,^[8] the primordial infection site in COVID-19, aerosols/droplets^[9] in this size range may contribute to driving the COVID-19 pandemic.

Overview[edit]

Airborne diseases can be transmitted from one individual to another through the air. The pathogens transmitted may be any kind of microbe, and they may be spread in aerosols, dust or droplets. The aerosols might be generated from sources of infection such as the bodily secretions of an infected individual, or biological wastes. Infectious aerosols may stay suspended in air currents long enough to travel for considerable distances; sneezes, for example, can easily project infectious droplets for dozens of feet (ten or more meters).^[10]

Airborne pathogens or allergens typically enter the body via the nose, throat, sinuses and lungs. Inhalation of these pathogens affects the respiratory system and can then spread to the rest of the body. Sinus congestion, coughing and sore throats are examples of inflammation of the upper respiratory airway. Air pollution plays a significant role in airborne diseases. Pollutants can influence lung function by increasing air way inflammation.^[11]

Common infections that spread by airborne transmission include COVID-19;^[12] measles morbillivirus,^[13]chickenpox virus;^[14] Mycobacterium tuberculosis, influenza virus, enterovirus, norovirus and less commonly coronavirus, adenovirus, and possibly respiratory syncytial virus.^[15]

Poor ventilation enhances transmission by allowing aerosols to spread undisturbed in an indoor space.^[16]Crowded rooms are more likely to contain an infected person. The longer a susceptible person stays in such a space, the more the greater chance of transmission. Airborne transmission is complex, and hard to demonstrate unequivocally^[17] but the Wells-Riley model can be used to make simple estimates of infection probability.^[18]

Some airborne diseases can affect non-humans. For example, Newcastle disease is an avian disease that affects many types of domestic poultry worldwide that is airborne.^[19]

Airborne transmission can be classified as obligate, preferential, or opportunistic. Obligate airborne infections spread only through aerosols; the most common example of this category is tuberculosis. Preferential airborne infections, such as chicken pox, can be obtained through different routes, but mainly by aerosols. Opportunistic airborne infections such as influenza typically transmit through other routes; however, under favourable conditions, aerosol transmission can occur.^[20]Because the drying process can damage the pathogens, the number of airborne diseases is limited.^[14]

Transmission[edit]

Environmental factors influence the efficacy of airborne disease transmission; the most evident environmental conditions are temperature and relative humidity. The sum of all the factors that influence temperature and humidity, either meteorological (outdoor) or human (indoor), as well as other circumstances influencing the spread of droplets containing infectious particles, as winds, or human behavior, influence the transmission of airborne diseases.^{[citation needed]}

Airborne infections usually land in the respiratory system, with the agent present in aerosols (infectious particles < 5 µm in diameter).^[21] This includes dry particles, often the remnant of an evaporated wet particle called nuclei, and wet particles.

• Relative humidity (RH) plays an important role in the evaporation of droplets and the distance they travel. 30 μm droplets evaporate in seconds.^[22] The CDC recommends a minimum of 40% RH indoors^[23] to significantly reduce the infectivity of aerosolized virus. An ideal humidity for preventing aerosol respiratory viral transmission at room temperature appears to be between 40% and 60% RH. If the relative humidity goes below 35% RH, infectious virus stays longer in the air.

• The number of rainy days^[24] (more important than total precipitation);^[25][26] mean daily sunshine hours;^[27] latitude and altitude^[25] are relevant when assessing the possibility of spread of airborne disease. Some infrequent or exceptional events influence the dissemination of airborne diseases, including tropical storms, hurricanes, typhoons, or monsoons.^[28]

• Climate affects temperature, winds and relative humidity, the main factors affecting the spread, duration and infectiousness of droplets containing infectious particles. The influenza virus spreads easily in the Northern Hemisphere winter due to climate conditions that favour the infectiousness of the virus.^{[citation needed]}

• Isolated weather events decrease the concentration of airborne fungal spores; a few days later, number of spores increases exponentially.^[29]
• Socioeconomics has a minor role in airborne disease transmission. In cities, airborne disease spreads more rapidly than in rural areas and urban outskirts. Rural areas generally favor higher airborne fungal dissemination.^[30]
• Proximity to large bodies of water such as rivers and lakes can enhance airborne disease.^[28]
• Poor maintenance of air conditioning systems has led to outbreaks of Legionella pneumophila.^[31]
• Hospital-acquired airborne diseases are associated with poorly-resourced medical systems, which make isolation challenging.^{[citation needed]}
• Air conditioning may reduce transmission by removing contaminated air, but may also contribute to the spread of respiratory secretions inside a room.^[6]“

 

Further Information …………… email the team at “AutoklavPDD@gaiol.com”

 

for & on behalf of
Gaiol Ltd

The Home of Nuevo

 

Technical Director

Developer of PDDZ Technology